This portfolio backtesting tool allows you to construct one or more portfolios based on the selected mutual funds, ETFs, and stocks. You can analyze and backtest portfolio returns, risk characteristics, style exposures, and drawdowns. The results cover both returns and fund fundamentals based portfolio style analysis along with risk and return decomposition by each portfolio asset. You can compare up to three different portfolios against the selected benchmark, and you can also specify any periodic contribution or withdrawal cashflows and the preferred portfolio rebalancing strategy.
Trailing return and volatility are as of last full calendar month ending December 2018
Notes on results:
IMPORTANT: The projections or other information generated by Portfolio Visualizer regarding the likelihood of various investment outcomes are hypothetical in nature, do not reflect actual investment results and are not guarantees of future results. Results may vary with each use and over time.
The results do not constitute investment advice or recommendation, are provided solely for informational purposes, and are not an offer to buy or sell any securities. All use is subject to terms of service.
Investing involves risk, including possible loss of principal. Past performance is not a guarantee of future results.
Asset allocation and diversification strategies do not guarantee a profit or protect against a loss.
Hypothetical returns do not reflect trading costs, transaction fees, commissions, or actual taxes due on investment returns.
The results are based on information from a variety of sources we consider reliable, but we do not represent that the information is accurate or complete.
Portfolio model information represents a blended portfolio consisting of the model's underlying positions and assigned weights provided by the user and rebalanced at the specified schedule. The results were constructed using net of fee mutual fund performance. Portfolio Visualizer does not provide preferential treatment to any specific security or investment.
The results are based on the total return of assets and assume that all received dividends and distributions are reinvested.
Market capitalization refers to the total value of all a company's shares of stock. It is calculated by multiplying the price of a stock by its total number of outstanding shares. Large cap refers to a company with a market capitalization value of more than $10 billion, mid cap refers to a company with a market capitalization value between $2 and $10 billion, and small cap refers to a company with a market capitalization value below $2 billion. For funds and portfolios the equity market capitalization is calculated based on the long position of the equity holdings.
Credit quality measures the ability of a bond issuer to repay a bond's interest and principal in a timely manner. Ratings agencies research the financial health of each bond issuer and assign ratings to the bonds being offered. Lower-rated bonds generally offer higher yields to compensate investors for the additional risk. AAA is the highest possible rating that may be assigned to an issuer's bonds by any of the major credit rating agencies. Bonds rated AAA to AA are known as high-grade bonds, bonds rated A to BBB are known as medium-grade bonds, and bonds rated BB to C are known as non-investment grade bonds. An issuer will receive a rating of D if it is already in default on some of its debt. For funds and portfolios the fixed income credit quality break-down is calculated based on the long position of the fixed income holdings.
A fixed income maturity date refers to the specific date on which the investor's principal will be repaid. Duration measures a bond's or fixed income portfolio's price sensitivity to interest rate changes. If a bond has a duration of 5 years, and interest rates increase by 1%, the bond's price will decline by approximately 5%. Conversely, if a bond has a duration of 5 years and interest rates fall by 1%, the bond's price will increase by approximately 5%. A fixed income portfolio's duration is computed as the weighted average of individual bond durations held in the portfolio.
Compound annualized growth rate (CAGR) is the annualized geometric mean return of the portfolio. It is calculated from the portfolio start and end balance and is thus impacted by any cashflows.
The time-weighted rate of return (TWRR) is a measure of the compound rate of growth in a portfolio. This is calculated from the holding period returns (e.g. monthly returns), and TWRR will thus not be impacted by cashflows. If there are no external cashflows, TWRR will equal CAGR.
The money-weighted rate of return (MWRR) is the internal rate of return (IRR) taking into account cashflows. This is the discount rate at which the present value of cash inflows equals the present value of cash outflows.
Total return is the combined return in income and capital appreciation from investment in an asset. Yield measures the current cash income received from investment in an asset. Bonds provide yield in the form of interest payments and stocks through dividends.
Standard deviation (Stdev) is used to measure the dispersion of returns around the mean and is often used as a measure of risk. A higher standard deviation implies greater the dispersion of data points around the mean.
Sharpe Ratio is a measure of risk-adjusted performance of the portfolio, and it is calculated by dividing the mean monthly excess return of the portfolio over the risk-free rate by the standard deviation of excess return, and the displayed value is annualized.
Sortino Ratio is a measure of risk-adjusted return which is a modification of the Sharpe Ratio. While the latter is the ratio of average returns in excess of a risk-free rate divided by the standard deviation of those excess returns, the Sortino Ratio has the same denominator divided by the standard deviation of returns below the risk-free rate.
Treynor Ratio is a measure of risk-adjusted performance of the portfolio. It is similar to the Sharpe Ratio, but it uses portfolio beta (systematic risk) as the risk metric in the denominator.
Calmar Ratio is a measure of risk-adjusted performance of the portfolio. It is calculated as the annualized return over the past 36 months divided by the maximum drawdown over the past 36 months based on monthly returns.
Risk-free returns are calculated based on the Federal Reserve 3-Month Treasury Bill (secondary market) rates.
Downside deviation measures the downside volatility of the portfolio returns unlike standard deviation, which includes both upside and downside deviations. Downside deviation is calculated based on negative returns that hurt the portfolio performance.
Correlation measures to what degree the returns of the two assets move in relation to each other. Correlation coefficient is a numerical value between -1 and +1. If one variable goes up by a certain amount, the correlation coefficient indicates which way the other variable moves and by how much. Asset correlations are calculated based on monthly returns.
Skewness is a measure of the asymmetry of the probability distribution or returns from a normal Gaussian distribution shape about its mean. Negative skewness is associated with the left (typically negative returns) tail of the distribution extending further than the right tail; and positive skewness is associated with the right (typically positive returns) tail of the distribution extending further than the left tail.
Excess kurtosis is a measure of whether a data distribution is peaked or flat relative to a normal distribution. Distributions with high kurtosis tend to have a distinct peak near the mean, decline rather rapidly, and have heavy or fat tails.
A drawdown refers to the decline in value of a single investment or an investment portfolio from a relative peak value to a relative trough. A maximum drawdown (Max Drawdown) is the maximum observed loss from a peak to a trough of a portfolio before a new peak is attained. Drawdown values are calculated based on monthly returns.
Value at Risk (VaR) measures the scale of loss at a given confidence level. If the 5% VaR is -3% the portfolio return is expected to be greater than -3% 95% of the time and less than -3% 5% of the time. Value at Risk can be calculated directly based on historical returns based on a given percentile or analytically based on the mean and standard deviation of the returns.
Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR) measures the scale of the expected loss once the specific Value at Risk (VaR) breakpoint has been breached, i.e., it calculates the average tail loss by taking a weighted average between the value at risk and losses exceeding the value at risk.
Beta is a measure of systematic risk and measures the volatility of a particular investment relative to the market or its benchmark. Alpha measures the active return of the investment compared to the market benchmark return. R-squared is the percentage of a portfolio's movements that can be explained by movements in the selected benchmark index.
Active return is the investment return minus the return of its benchmark. For periods longer than 12 months this is displayed as annualized value, i.e., annualized investment return minus annualized benchmark return.
Tracking error, also known as active risk, is the standard deviation of active return. This is displayed as annualized value based on the standard deviation of monthly active returns.
Information ratio is the active return divided by the tracking error. It measures whether the investment outperformed its benchmark consistently.
Gain/Loss ratio is a measure of downside risk, and it is calculated as the average positive return in up periods divided by the average negative return in down periods.
Upside Capture Ratio measures how well the fund performed relative to the benchmark when the market was up, and Downside Capture Ratio measures how well the fund performed relative to the benchmark when the market was down. An upside capture ratio greater than 100 would indicate that the fund outperformed its benchmark when the market was up, and a downside capture ratio below 100 would indicate that the fund lost less than its benchmark when the market was down. To calculate upside capture ratio a new series from the portfolio returns is constructed by dropping all time periods where the benchmark return is less than equal to zero. The up capture is then the quotient of the annualized return of the resulting manager series, divided by the annualized return of the resulting benchmark series. The downside capture ratio is calculated analogously.
All risk measures for the portfolio and portfolio assets are calculated based on monthly returns.
Gross expense ratio reflects the total annual operating expenses paid by each fund. Net expense ratio reflects what investors were charged after waivers, reductions, and reimbursements.
Price to earnings (P/E) ratio of a stock is calculated by dividing the current price of the stock by its trailing 12 months' earnings per share. For funds the price to earnings ratio is computed as the weighted average of fund holdings.
The results assume annual rebalancing of portfolio assets to match the specified allocation.
Annual returns for the configured portfolios
Year
Inflation
Portfolio 1 Return
Portfolio 1 Balance
Vanguard Total World Stock ETF (VT)
Vanguard Real Estate ETF (VNQ)
iShares TIPS Bond ETF (TIP)
iShares Interest Rate Hedged Corp Bd ETF (LQDH)
2015
0.73%
-1.66%
$9,834
-1.86%
2.42%
-1.75%
-2.25%
2016
2.07%
7.07%
$10,529
8.51%
8.60%
4.68%
5.08%
2017
2.11%
15.30%
$12,140
24.49%
4.91%
2.92%
6.00%
2018
1.91%
-6.35%
$11,369
-9.76%
-6.02%
-1.42%
-2.19%
Monthly returns for the configured portfolios
Year
Month
Portfolio 1 Return
Portfolio 1 Balance
Vanguard Total World Stock ETF (VT)
Vanguard Real Estate ETF (VNQ)
iShares TIPS Bond ETF (TIP)
iShares Interest Rate Hedged Corp Bd ETF (LQDH)
2015
1
0.11%
$10,011
-1.63%
6.85%
3.23%
-0.35%
2015
2
2.84%
$10,295
5.95%
-3.67%
-1.29%
0.90%
2015
3
-0.71%
$10,221
-1.21%
1.74%
-0.48%
-0.32%
2015
4
1.11%
$10,335
2.55%
-5.85%
0.68%
-0.25%
2015
5
-0.04%
$10,330
0.33%
-0.30%
-1.01%
-0.05%
2015
6
-1.83%
$10,142
-2.22%
-4.68%
-1.02%
-0.67%
2015
7
0.49%
$10,191
0.50%
5.77%
0.54%
-1.09%
2015
8
-4.25%
$9,758
-6.63%
-6.29%
-0.95%
-0.20%
2015
9
-2.08%
$9,555
-3.71%
3.05%
-0.52%
-0.78%
2015
10
4.40%
$9,975
7.29%
5.76%
0.30%
0.68%
2015
11
-0.18%
$9,957
-0.08%
-0.63%
-0.14%
-0.34%
2015
12
-1.24%
$9,834
-2.19%
1.82%
-1.01%
0.22%
2016
1
-3.79%
$9,461
-5.87%
-3.44%
1.57%
-3.65%
2016
2
-0.48%
$9,416
-1.11%
-0.36%
1.22%
-0.66%
2016
3
5.93%
$9,974
7.98%
10.48%
1.67%
3.76%
2016
4
0.79%
$10,052
1.01%
-2.35%
0.21%
1.81%
2016
5
0.27%
$10,080
0.65%
2.25%
-0.64%
-0.41%
2016
6
0.72%
$10,153
-0.18%
6.92%
2.25%
-0.34%
2016
7
2.94%
$10,451
4.15%
4.26%
0.64%
1.60%
2016
8
-0.08%
$10,443
0.35%
-3.76%
-0.34%
0.27%
2016
9
0.41%
$10,485
0.79%
-1.82%
0.75%
-0.27%
2016
10
-1.39%
$10,340
-1.97%
-5.74%
-0.54%
0.82%
2016
11
0.19%
$10,359
1.19%
-1.68%
-2.07%
0.34%
2016
12
1.63%
$10,529
1.81%
4.82%
-0.04%
1.88%
2017
1
1.84%
$10,722
3.00%
-0.19%
0.89%
0.24%
2017
2
1.91%
$10,927
2.69%
3.51%
0.41%
0.78%
2017
3
0.68%
$11,001
1.48%
-2.42%
0.00%
0.07%
2017
4
0.99%
$11,110
1.63%
0.24%
0.45%
-0.08%
2017
5
1.10%
$11,232
1.95%
-0.72%
-0.04%
0.31%
2017
6
0.54%
$11,292
0.63%
2.23%
-0.87%
1.18%
2017
7
1.77%
$11,492
2.65%
1.24%
0.46%
0.64%
2017
8
0.28%
$11,525
0.42%
-0.26%
1.04%
-0.71%
2017
9
1.32%
$11,676
2.11%
-0.11%
-0.70%
1.37%
2017
10
1.34%
$11,833
2.11%
-1.07%
0.24%
0.80%
2017
11
1.28%
$11,985
1.90%
2.66%
0.09%
0.13%
2017
12
1.30%
$12,140
1.60%
-0.14%
0.93%
1.13%
2018
1
2.78%
$12,478
5.48%
-4.25%
-0.85%
1.24%
2018
2
-3.26%
$12,071
-4.44%
-7.68%
-1.03%
-0.87%
2018
3
-0.42%
$12,021
-1.29%
3.88%
1.01%
-0.58%
2018
4
0.27%
$12,054
0.42%
0.82%
-0.13%
0.13%
2018
5
0.49%
$12,113
0.57%
3.68%
0.33%
-0.44%
2018
6
0.02%
$12,115
-0.60%
4.20%
0.65%
-0.12%
2018
7
1.87%
$12,343
2.88%
0.60%
-0.53%
1.97%
2018
8
0.61%
$12,418
0.86%
2.58%
0.65%
-0.68%
2018
9
-0.06%
$12,411
0.08%
-2.64%
-0.97%
1.25%
2018
10
-4.96%
$11,795
-7.82%
-2.93%
-1.52%
-1.07%
2018
11
0.90%
$11,901
1.73%
4.67%
0.48%
-1.93%
2018
12
-4.47%
$11,369
-7.22%
-7.96%
0.53%
-1.04%
Returns Based Style Analysis
Returns Based Style Analysis
Style Category
Portfolio 1
Large-cap Value
11.17%
Large-cap Growth
14.52%
Mid-cap Value
9.23%
Mid-cap Growth
0.59%
Small-cap Value
0.00%
Small-cap Growth
0.00%
Global ex-US Developed Markets
20.58%
Emerging Markets
6.16%
Corporate Bonds
19.89%
Long-Term Treasuries
0.33%
Intermediate-Term Treasuries
0.00%
Short-Term Treasuries
17.54%
R Squared
98.71%
Style analysis is based on monthly returns from January 2015 to December 2018 and uses total portfolio return with monthly rebalancing. Returns based style analysis aims to explain the portfolio returns based on asset class exposures, it does not identify the actual portfolio holdings.
Holdings Based Style Analysis for Portfolio 1
Holdings Based Style Analysis for Portfolio 1
Ticker
Name
Category
Weight
Yield
Expense Ratio
P/E
Duration
Contribution
SEC
TTM
Net
Gross
Return
Risk
VT
Vanguard Total World Stock ETF
Global Large-Stock Blend
54.00%
2.10%
0.07%
0.07%
16.26
$1,104
83.77%
VNQ
Vanguard Real Estate ETF
Real Estate
6.00%
2.90%
0.12%
0.12%
30.25
$52.42
6.44%
TIP
iShares TIPS Bond ETF
Inflation-Protected Bond
20.00%
10.30%
5.53%
0.19%
0.19%
7.44
$83.91
2.32%
LQDH
iShares Interest Rate Hedged Corp Bd ETF
Ultrashort Bond
20.00%
2.83%
1.64%
0.24%
0.44%
0.04
$128
7.47%
100.00%
2.63%
2.74%
0.13%
0.17%
17.66
3.74
$1,369
100.00%
Asset Allocation
Equity Market Capitalization
Equity Sectors
Fixed Income Credit Quality
Fixed Income Maturity
Fund fundamentals data as of 05/17/2022. (c) 2022 Morningstar. All Rights Reserved. The fund fundamentals information contained herein: (1) is proprietary to Morningstar and/or its content providers; (2) may not be copied or distributed; and (3) is not warranted to be accurate, complete or timely. Neither Morningstar nor its content providers are responsible for any damages or losses arising from any use of this information.
Portfolio return and risk metrics
Metric
Portfolio 1
Arithmetic Mean (monthly)
0.29%
Arithmetic Mean (annualized)
3.52%
Geometric Mean (monthly)
0.27%
Geometric Mean (annualized)
3.26%
Standard Deviation (monthly)
2.09%
Standard Deviation (annualized)
7.24%
Downside Deviation (monthly)
1.44%
Maximum Drawdown
-8.90%
Stock Market Correlation
0.93
Beta(*)
0.57
Alpha (annualized)
-0.64%
R2
86.71%
Sharpe Ratio
0.37
Sortino Ratio
0.53
Treynor Ratio (%)
4.69
Calmar Ratio
0.56
Active Return
-3.41%
Tracking Error
5.65%
Information Ratio
-0.60
Skewness
-0.41
Excess Kurtosis
1.44
Historical Value-at-Risk (5%)
-4.09%
Analytical Value-at-Risk (5%)
-3.11%
Conditional Value-at-Risk (5%)
-4.56%
Upside Capture Ratio (%)
54.65
Downside Capture Ratio (%)
62.22
Safe Withdrawal Rate
26.27%
Perpetual Withdrawal Rate
1.50%
Positive Periods
32 out of 48 (66.67%)
Gain/Loss Ratio
0.74
* US stock market is used as the benchmark for calculations. Value-at-risk metrics are based on monthly values.
Drawdowns for Portfolio 1
Drawdowns for Portfolio 1
Rank
Start
End
Length
Recovery By
Recovery Time
Underwater Period
Drawdown
1
May 2015
Feb 2016
10 months
Jul 2016
5 months
1 year 3 months
-8.90%
2
Feb 2018
Dec 2018
11 months
-8.89%
3
Oct 2016
Oct 2016
1 month
Dec 2016
2 months
3 months
-1.39%
4
Mar 2015
Mar 2015
1 month
Apr 2015
1 month
2 months
-0.71%
5
Aug 2016
Aug 2016
1 month
Sep 2016
1 month
2 months
-0.08%
Portfolio Assets
Performance statistics for portfolio components
Ticker
Name
CAGR
Stdev
Best Year
Worst Year
Max Drawdown
Sharpe Ratio
Sortino Ratio
Market Correlation
VT
Vanguard Total World Stock ETF
4.58%
11.42%
24.49%
-9.76%
-14.45%
0.38
0.55
0.95
VNQ
Vanguard Real Estate ETF
2.33%
14.07%
8.60%
-6.02%
-14.88%
0.18
0.27
0.48
TIP
iShares TIPS Bond ETF
1.07%
3.48%
4.68%
-1.75%
-4.83%
0.10
0.15
0.01
LQDH
iShares Interest Rate Hedged Corp Bd ETF
1.58%
4.02%
6.00%
-2.25%
-6.95%
0.22
0.33
0.58
Portfolio Asset Performance
Performance of portfolio assets
Name
Total Return
Annualized Return
Expense Ratio
3 Month
Year To Date
1 year
3 year
Net
Gross
Vanguard Total World Stock ETF
-13.00%
-9.76%
-9.76%
6.83%
0.07%
0.07%
Vanguard Real Estate ETF
-6.48%
-6.02%
-6.02%
2.31%
0.12%
0.12%
iShares TIPS Bond ETF
-0.52%
-1.42%
-1.42%
2.03%
0.19%
0.19%
iShares Interest Rate Hedged Corp Bd ETF
-3.98%
-2.19%
-2.19%
2.90%
0.24%
0.44%
Trailing returns as of last calendar month ending December 2018
Monthly Correlations
Correlations for the portfolio assets
Ticker
Name
VT
VNQ
TIP
LQDH
Portfolio 1
VT
Vanguard Total World Stock ETF
1.00
0.43
0.12
0.65
0.98
VNQ
Vanguard Real Estate ETF
0.43
1.00
0.49
0.22
0.55
TIP
iShares TIPS Bond ETF
0.12
0.49
1.00
-0.13
0.24
LQDH
iShares Interest Rate Hedged Corp Bd ETF
0.65
0.22
-0.13
1.00
0.67
Portfolio Return Decomposition
Portfolio return decomposition
Ticker
Name
Portfolio 1
VT
Vanguard Total World Stock ETF
$1,104
VNQ
Vanguard Real Estate ETF
$52.42
TIP
iShares TIPS Bond ETF
$83.91
LQDH
iShares Interest Rate Hedged Corp Bd ETF
$128
Return attribution decomposes portfolio gains into its constituent parts and identifies the contribution to returns by each of the assets.
Portfolio Risk Decomposition
Portfolio risk decomposition
Ticker
Name
Portfolio 1
VT
Vanguard Total World Stock ETF
83.77%
VNQ
Vanguard Real Estate ETF
6.44%
TIP
iShares TIPS Bond ETF
2.32%
LQDH
iShares Interest Rate Hedged Corp Bd ETF
7.47%
Risk attribution decomposes portfolio risk into its constituent parts and identifies the contribution to overall volatility by each of the assets.