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Asset Class Allocation

Asset Allocation 
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Backtest Portfolio Asset Class Allocation

Asset Class Allocation Overview

This portfolio backtesting tool allows you to construct one or more portfolios based on the selected asset class level allocations in order to analyze and backtest portfolio returns, risk characteristics, drawdowns, and rolling returns. You can compare up to three different portfolios against the selected benchmark, and you can also specify any periodic contribution or withdrawal cashflows and the preferred portfolio rebalancing strategy.

You can also use the portfolio backtesting tool to build and compare portfolios based on specific mutual funds, ETFs, and stocks.

Portfolio Analysis Results (Jan 1990 - Dec 2021)

AZIONI

Asset Class Allocation
US Stock Market 100.00%

OBBLIGAZIONI

Asset Class Allocation
Intermediate Term Treasury 100.00%

ORO

Asset Class Allocation
Gold 100.00%

Performance Summary

MetricAZIONIOBBLIGAZIONIORO
Start Balance$10,000$10,000$10,000
End Balance $253,276 $57,777 $42,655
Annualized Return (CAGR) 10.63% 5.63% 4.64%
Standard Deviation14.93%4.60%15.27%
Best Year35.79%20.44%30.45%
Worst Year-37.04%-4.33%-28.33%
Maximum Drawdown -50.89% -6.47% -42.91%
Sharpe Ratio0.580.660.20
Sortino Ratio0.851.110.32

Portfolio Growth

   

Annual Returns

Trailing Returns

NameTotal ReturnAnnualized ReturnAnnualized Standard Deviation
3 MonthYear To Date1 year3 year5 year10 year20 yearFull3 year5 year
AZIONI9.12%25.59%25.59%25.64%17.86%16.16%9.78%10.63%18.16%15.94%
OBBLIGAZIONI-0.64%-2.29%-2.29%3.97%2.89%2.09%4.17%5.63%3.42%3.14%
ORO4.10%-4.15%-4.15%12.13%9.30%1.18%9.51%4.64%14.90%12.79%
Trailing return and volatility are as of last calendar month ending December 2021

Risk and Return Metrics

MetricAZIONIOBBLIGAZIONIORO
Arithmetic Mean (monthly)0.94%0.47%0.47%
Arithmetic Mean (annualized)11.87%5.74%5.85%
Geometric Mean (monthly)0.85%0.46%0.38%
Geometric Mean (annualized)10.63%5.63%4.64%
Standard Deviation (monthly)4.31%1.33%4.41%
Standard Deviation (annualized)14.93%4.60%15.27%
Downside Deviation (monthly)2.85%0.69%2.73%
Maximum Drawdown-50.89%-6.47%-42.91%
Benchmark Correlation1.00-0.130.01
Beta(*)1.00-0.040.01
Alpha (annualized)0.00%6.05%5.62%
R2100.00%1.69%0.00%
Sharpe Ratio0.580.660.20
Sortino Ratio0.851.110.32
Treynor Ratio (%)8.68-75.14461.63
Calmar Ratio1.231.360.88
Modigliani–Modigliani Measure11.27%12.51%5.62%
Active Return0.00%-4.99%-5.99%
Tracking Error0.00%16.18%21.28%
Information RatioN/A-0.31-0.28
Skewness-0.660.090.24
Excess Kurtosis1.480.690.89
Historical Value-at-Risk (5%)7.06%1.58%6.25%
Analytical Value-at-Risk (5%)6.15%1.72%6.78%
Conditional Value-at-Risk (5%)9.71%2.37%8.30%
Upside Capture Ratio (%)100.009.427.51
Downside Capture Ratio (%)100.00-21.36-18.52
Safe Withdrawal Rate8.13%5.89%2.94%
Perpetual Withdrawal Rate7.34%2.96%2.04%
Positive Periods253 out of 384 (65.89%)246 out of 384 (64.06%)196 out of 384 (51.04%)
Gain/Loss Ratio0.901.401.27
* U.S. Stock Market is used as the benchmark for calculations. Value-at-risk metrics are monthly values.

Annual Returns

YearInflationAZIONIOBBLIGAZIONIOROUS Stock MarketIntermediate Term TreasuryGold
ReturnBalanceReturnBalanceReturnBalance
20217.04%25.59%$253,276-2.29%$57,777-4.15%$42,65525.59%-2.29%-4.15%
20201.36%20.87%$201,6728.21%$59,13124.81%$44,50220.87%8.21%24.81%
20192.29%30.65%$166,8506.29%$54,64517.86%$35,65430.65%6.29%17.86%
20181.91%-5.26%$127,7091.00%$51,413-1.94%$30,252-5.26%1.00%-1.94%
20172.11%21.05%$134,7941.58%$50,90212.81%$30,85121.05%1.58%12.81%
20162.07%12.53%$111,3531.19%$50,1108.03%$27,34812.53%1.19%8.03%
20150.73%0.29%$98,9511.50%$49,523-10.67%$25,3150.29%1.50%-10.67%
20140.76%12.43%$98,6634.32%$48,790-2.19%$28,33912.43%4.32%-2.19%
20131.50%33.35%$87,756-3.09%$46,770-28.33%$28,97233.35%-3.09%-28.33%
20121.74%16.25%$65,8092.67%$48,2606.60%$40,42516.25%2.67%6.60%
20112.96%0.96%$56,6089.79%$47,0049.57%$37,9220.96%9.79%9.57%
20101.50%17.09%$56,0697.35%$42,81229.27%$34,61117.09%7.35%29.27%
20092.72%28.70%$47,884-1.69%$39,88124.03%$26,77428.70%-1.69%24.03%
20080.09%-37.04%$37,20613.32%$40,5694.92%$21,587-37.04%13.32%4.92%
20074.08%5.49%$59,0939.98%$35,80030.45%$20,5745.49%9.98%30.45%
20062.54%15.51%$56,0183.14%$32,55222.55%$15,77115.51%3.14%22.55%
20053.42%5.98%$48,4952.31%$31,56217.76%$12,8695.98%2.31%17.76%
20043.26%12.52%$45,7593.40%$30,8484.65%$10,92812.52%3.40%4.65%
20031.88%31.35%$40,6692.37%$29,83319.89%$10,44331.35%2.37%19.89%
20022.38%-20.96%$30,96114.15%$29,14325.57%$8,710-20.96%14.15%25.57%
20011.55%-10.97%$39,1727.55%$25,5300.75%$6,937-10.97%7.55%0.75%
20003.39%-10.57%$43,99714.03%$23,739-5.44%$6,885-10.57%14.03%-5.44%
19992.68%23.81%$49,199-3.52%$20,8180.85%$7,28223.81%-3.52%0.85%
19981.61%23.26%$39,73710.61%$21,578-0.83%$7,22023.26%10.61%-0.83%
19971.70%30.99%$32,2378.96%$19,509-21.41%$7,28030.99%8.96%-21.41%
19963.32%20.96%$24,6091.92%$17,904-4.59%$9,26420.96%1.92%-4.59%
19952.54%35.79%$20,34520.44%$17,5670.98%$9,70935.79%20.44%0.98%
19942.67%-0.17%$14,983-4.33%$14,586-2.17%$9,615-0.17%-4.33%-2.17%
19932.75%10.62%$15,00811.43%$15,24517.68%$9,82810.62%11.43%17.68%
19922.90%9.11%$13,5677.78%$13,681-5.73%$8,3529.11%7.78%-5.73%
19913.06%32.39%$12,43515.97%$12,694-8.56%$8,86032.39%15.97%-8.56%
19906.11%-6.08%$9,3929.46%$10,946-3.11%$9,689-6.08%9.46%-3.11%

Drawdowns

Historical Market Stress Periods

Stress PeriodStartEndAZIONIOBBLIGAZIONIORO
Asian CrisisJul 1997Jan 1998-3.72%-0.99%-13.26%
Russian Debt DefaultJul 1998Oct 1998-17.57%-0.77%-7.73%
Dotcom CrashMar 2000Oct 2002-44.11%-4.03%-12.24%
Subprime CrisisNov 2007Mar 2009-50.89%-3.43%-25.83%
COVID-19 StartJan 2020Mar 2020-20.89%0.00%-0.86%

Drawdowns for AZIONI

RankStartEndLengthRecovery ByRecovery TimeUnderwater PeriodDrawdown
1Nov 2007Feb 20091 year 4 monthsMar 20123 years 1 month4 years 5 months-50.89%
2Sep 2000Sep 20022 years 1 monthApr 20063 years 7 months5 years 8 months-44.11%
3Jan 2020Mar 20203 monthsJul 20204 months7 months-20.89%
4Jul 1998Aug 19982 monthsNov 19983 months5 months-17.57%
5Jun 1990Oct 19905 monthsFeb 19914 months9 months-16.20%
6Oct 2018Dec 20183 monthsApr 20194 months7 months-14.28%
7Jun 2015Sep 20154 monthsMay 20168 months1 year-8.88%
8Apr 2000May 20002 monthsAug 20003 months5 months-8.44%
9Feb 1994Jun 19945 monthsFeb 19958 months1 year 1 month-7.43%
10Jan 1990Jan 19901 monthMay 19904 months5 months-7.01%
Worst 10 drawdowns included above

Drawdowns for OBBLIGAZIONI

RankStartEndLengthRecovery ByRecovery TimeUnderwater PeriodDrawdown
1Feb 1994Nov 199410 monthsApr 19955 months1 year 3 months-6.47%
2Feb 1996May 19964 monthsOct 19965 months9 months-4.86%
3Oct 1998Jan 20001 year 4 monthsJun 20005 months1 year 9 months-4.67%
4Aug 2016Apr 20181 year 9 monthsMar 201911 months2 years 8 months-4.48%
5May 2013Aug 20134 monthsNov 20141 year 3 months1 year 7 months-4.30%
6Jun 2003Jul 20032 monthsFeb 20047 months9 months-4.29%
7Nov 2001Mar 20025 monthsJun 20023 months8 months-4.03%
8Apr 2004May 20042 monthsOct 20045 months7 months-3.74%
9Nov 2010Mar 20115 monthsJul 20114 months9 months-3.51%
10Apr 2008May 20082 monthsNov 20086 months8 months-3.43%
Worst 10 drawdowns included above

Drawdowns for ORO

RankStartEndLengthRecovery ByRecovery TimeUnderwater PeriodDrawdown
1Sep 2011Dec 20154 years 4 monthsJul 20204 years 7 months8 years 11 months-42.91%
2Feb 1990Aug 19999 years 7 monthsDec 20034 years 4 months13 years 11 months-38.61%
3Mar 2008Oct 20088 monthsMay 20097 months1 year 3 months-25.83%
4Aug 2020Mar 20218 months-13.74%
5Dec 2004May 20056 monthsSep 20054 months10 months-8.64%
6May 2006Sep 20065 monthsFeb 20075 months10 months-8.63%
7Dec 2009Jan 20102 monthsMay 20104 months6 months-8.37%
8Apr 2004Apr 20041 monthOct 20046 months7 months-8.31%
9Jan 2011Jan 20111 monthMar 20112 months3 months-6.38%
10Jun 2009Jun 20091 monthSep 20093 months4 months-5.22%
Worst 10 drawdowns included above

Portfolio Assets

NameCAGRStdevBest YearWorst YearMax DrawdownSharpe RatioSortino Ratio
US Stock Market10.63%14.93%35.79%-37.04%-50.89%0.580.85
Intermediate Term Treasury5.63%4.60%20.44%-4.33%-6.47%0.661.11
Gold4.64%15.27%30.45%-28.33%-42.91%0.200.32

Portfolio Asset Performance

NameTotal ReturnAnnualized Return
3 MonthYear To Date1 year3 year5 year10 year
US Stock Market9.12%25.59%25.59%25.64%17.86%16.16%
Intermediate Term Treasury-0.64%-2.29%-2.29%3.97%2.89%2.09%
Gold4.10%-4.15%-4.15%12.13%9.30%1.18%
Trailing returns as of last calendar month ending December 2021

Monthly Correlations

NameUS Stock MarketIntermediate Term TreasuryGoldAZIONIOBBLIGAZIONIORO
US Stock Market1.00-0.130.011.00-0.130.01
Intermediate Term Treasury-0.131.000.20-0.131.000.20
Gold0.010.201.000.010.201.00

Portfolio Return Decomposition

NameAZIONIOBBLIGAZIONIORO
US Stock Market$243,276
Intermediate Term Treasury$47,777
Gold$32,655
Return attribution decomposes portfolio gains into its constituent parts and identifies the contribution to returns by each of the assets.

Portfolio Risk Decomposition

NameAZIONIOBBLIGAZIONIORO
US Stock Market100.00%
Intermediate Term Treasury100.00%
Gold100.00%
Risk attribution decomposes portfolio risk into its constituent parts and identifies the contribution to overall volatility by each of the assets.

Annual Asset Returns

Rolling Returns

Roll PeriodAZIONIOBBLIGAZIONIORO
AverageHighLowAverageHighLowAverageHighLow
1 year12.14%62.57%-43.18%5.91%20.44%-5.29%5.89%54.21%-28.33%
3 years10.58%30.70%-16.27%5.70%14.19%-0.09%5.63%32.87%-15.02%
5 years10.18%26.84%-6.23%5.54%10.14%0.43%5.46%23.37%-8.25%
7 years9.74%20.35%-3.02%5.57%9.05%1.01%5.49%23.33%-6.20%
10 years8.82%18.89%-2.57%5.65%8.20%2.09%6.44%20.54%-3.92%
15 years8.01%11.99%4.25%5.67%8.00%3.41%7.77%12.12%0.08%

Annualized Rolling Return - 3 Years

Annualized Rolling Return - 5 Years

  • IMPORTANT: The projections or other information generated by Portfolio Visualizer regarding the likelihood of various investment outcomes are hypothetical in nature, do not reflect actual investment results and are not guarantees of future results. Results may vary with each use and over time.
  • The results do not constitute investment advice or recommendation, are provided solely for informational purposes, and are not an offer to buy or sell any securities. All use is subject to terms of service.
  • Investing involves risk, including possible loss of principal. Past performance is not a guarantee of future results.
  • Asset allocation and diversification strategies do not guarantee a profit or protect against a loss.
  • Hypothetical returns do not reflect trading costs, transaction fees, commissions, or actual taxes due on investment returns.
  • The results are based on information from a variety of sources we consider reliable, but we do not represent that the information is accurate or complete. Other investments not considered may have characteristics similar or superior to those being analyzed.
  • Refer to the related documentation sections for more details on terms and definitions, methodology, and data sources.
  • Portfolio model information represents a blended portfolio consisting of the model's underlying positions and assigned weights provided by the user and rebalanced at the specified schedule. The results were constructed using net of fee mutual fund performance. Portfolio Visualizer does not provide preferential treatment to any specific security or investment.
  • The results are based on the total return of assets and assume that all received dividends and distributions are reinvested.
  • Compound annualized growth rate (CAGR) is the annualized geometric mean return of the portfolio. It is calculated from the portfolio start and end balance and is thus impacted by any cashflows.
  • The time-weighted rate of return (TWRR) is a measure of the compound rate of growth in a portfolio. This is calculated from the holding period returns (e.g. monthly returns), and TWRR will thus not be impacted by cashflows. If there are no external cashflows, TWRR will equal CAGR.
  • The money-weighted rate of return (MWRR) is the internal rate of return (IRR) taking into account cashflows. This is the discount rate at which the present value of cash inflows equals the present value of cash outflows.
  • Standard deviation (Stdev) is used to measure the dispersion of returns around the mean and is often used as a measure of risk. A higher standard deviation implies greater the dispersion of data points around the mean.
  • Sharpe Ratio is a measure of risk-adjusted performance of the portfolio, and it is calculated by dividing the mean monthly excess return of the portfolio over the risk-free rate by the standard deviation of excess return, and the displayed value is annualized.
  • Sortino Ratio is a measure of risk-adjusted return which is a modification of the Sharpe Ratio. While the latter is the ratio of average returns in excess of a risk-free rate divided by the standard deviation of those excess returns, the Sortino Ratio has the same denominator divided by the standard deviation of returns below the risk-free rate.
  • Treynor Ratio is a measure of risk-adjusted performance of the portfolio. It is similar to the Sharpe Ratio, but it uses portfolio beta (systematic risk) as the risk metric in the denominator.
  • Calmar Ratio is a measure of risk-adjusted performance of the portfolio. It is calculated as the annualized return over the past 36 months divided by the maximum drawdown over the past 36 months based on monthly returns.
  • Downside deviation measures the downside volatility of the portfolio returns unlike standard deviation, which includes both upside and downside deviations. Downside deviation is calculated based on negative returns that hurt the portfolio performance.
  • Risk-free returns are calculated based on U.S. 3-Month Treasury Bill Rate.
  • Inflation is calculated based on U.S. Consumer Price Index.
  • Correlation measures to what degree the returns of the two assets move in relation to each other. Correlation coefficient is a numerical value between -1 and +1. If one variable goes up by a certain amount, the correlation coefficient indicates which way the other variable moves and by how much. Asset correlations are calculated based on monthly returns.
  • Skewness is a measure of the asymmetry of the probability distribution or returns from a normal Gaussian distribution shape about its mean. Negative skewness is associated with the left (typically negative returns) tail of the distribution extending further than the right tail; and positive skewness is associated with the right (typically positive returns) tail of the distribution extending further than the left tail.
  • Excess kurtosis is a measure of whether a data distribution is peaked or flat relative to a normal distribution. Distributions with high kurtosis tend to have a distinct peak near the mean, decline rather rapidly, and have heavy or fat tails.
  • A drawdown refers to the decline in value of a single investment or an investment portfolio from a relative peak value to a relative trough. A maximum drawdown (Max Drawdown) is the maximum observed loss from a peak to a trough of a portfolio before a new peak is attained. Drawdown values are calculated based on monthly returns.
  • Value at Risk (VaR) measures the scale of loss at a given confidence level. For example, if the 95% confidence one-month VaR is 3%, there is 95% confidence that over the next month the portfolio will not lose more than 3%. Value at Risk can be calculated directly based on historical returns based on a given percentile or analytically based on the mean and standard deviation of the returns.
  • Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR) measures the scale of the expected loss once the specific Value at Risk (VaR) breakpoint has been breached, i.e., it calculates the average tail loss by taking a weighted average between the value at risk and losses exceeding the value at risk.
  • Beta is a measure of systematic risk and measures the volatility of a particular investment relative to the market or its benchmark. Alpha measures the active return of the investment compared to the market benchmark return. R-squared is the percentage of a portfolio's movements that can be explained by movements in the selected benchmark index.
  • Active return is the investment return minus the return of its benchmark. For periods longer than 12 months this is displayed as annualized value, i.e., annualized investment return minus annualized benchmark return.
  • Tracking error, also known as active risk, is the standard deviation of active return. This is displayed as annualized value based on the standard deviation of monthly active returns.
  • Information ratio is the active return divided by the tracking error. It measures whether the investment outperformed its benchmark consistently.
  • Gain/Loss ratio is a measure of downside risk, and it is calculated as the average positive return in up periods divided by the average negative return in down periods.
  • Upside Capture Ratio measures how well the fund performed relative to the benchmark when the market was up, and Downside Capture Ratio measures how well the fund performed relative to the benchmark when the market was down. An upside capture ratio greater than 100 would indicate that the fund outperformed its benchmark when the market was up, and a downside capture ratio below 100 would indicate that the fund lost less than its benchmark when the market was down. To calculate upside capture ratio a new series from the portfolio returns is constructed by dropping all time periods where the benchmark return is less than equal to zero. The up capture is then the quotient of the annualized return of the resulting manager series, divided by the annualized return of the resulting benchmark series. The downside capture ratio is calculated analogously.
  • All risk measures for the portfolio and portfolio assets are calculated based on monthly returns.
  • Invesco QQQ is a paid sponsor of the SRL Analytics Tool, Portfolio Visualizer. The model portfolios are for illustrative purposes only and do not constitute a recommendation or suitability for any investor. Inveso is not affiliated with SRL Global.
  • The results assume annual rebalancing of portfolio assets to match the specified allocation.